Phone Device Using Solar Energy

Solar energy is energy obtained by converting solar thermal energy (the sun) with certain equipment to be a resource in the form of solar lain. Energy be one source of power generation in addition to water, steam, wind, biogas, coal, and oil utilization earth. Solar energy began to emerge in 1839, was discovered by AC Becquerel. He uses crystalline silicon to convert solar radiation, but until 1955 the method has not been developed. Over a period of more than a century, a widely used source of energy is petroleum and coal. Back development efforts by utilizing solar energy emerged again in 1958. Silicon cells are used to convert solar energy into resources begin to be considered as a new method, because it can be used as a power source for space satellites.
Currently is being developed technology like this but it is uncertain when or after the formation of that, because the technology requires a difficult, ongoing research is also carried out. Background research is the need for energy alternatives that are used to meet the energy needs of the mobile communications equipment in areas where no electricity supply and electricity generation sources that are alternatives and emergency. The problem studied is how to design and create a stabilizing voltage solar cell phone charger.
The purpose of this research is to design stabilizing voltage fluctuations of solar cell phone charger. The research method used is descriptive research method percentage. Percentage of descriptive research method, the data obtained are the magnitudes of the stabilization results were then compared with the results of the calculation. With these research methods can be found the average value of the output voltage and the voltage difference before stabilizing voltage and stabilizing the voltage after the expected voltage of 4.5 volts.
My suggestion from this study is this solar powered cell phone charger and emergency alternative is. In this case, cell phone charger solar power effectively used in the absence of either a power source or sources of PLN other sources of power in electricity supply mobile phone charger is not only innovative and effective use in the community because of the price of solar cells are relatively expensive and shape relatively large. This charger development bias used form of solar cell phone charger is relatively small and effective.
Besides the uniqueness of this phone than can absorb solar energy as a source of energy that the automatic nature preserve future, mobile phones are also able to withstand strong vibrations suppose if dropped from a height of 2.5 meters Mobile is still able to function smoothly, and also screen using the screen "Gorilla Glass" with excellent capabilities. Able to withstand scratches, excessive heat (fire-proof) and is also water-proff 10 bar. And with the sophisticated technology that is expected in order to effectively use mobile phones is that one person just enough to have one phone number that is not too exploding mobile production in the world. With dual sim-card technology that allows its consumer to communicate and interact, and the price is not too expensive spelled with this sophisticated technology.

EBeam Edge The Virtual Whiteboard

When we are following the classroom, we may also have felt that we are listening to the presentation was boring. Only contain text or images, without any animations and other things that can supporting a results presentation to look interesting.

Well, a company called Luidia Incorporation makes   new in the world of technology. The company issued a product called eBeam Edge which is believed will answer all our problems. Starting from the current lack of interactive presentations, view-that's all, and so on.

EBeam Edge is shaped Virtual Whiteboard is a handwriting look to add some interactive elements for everything that we can see on the wall. This gadget allows us to annotate images or text that is projected. For those of us who like to draw, we can make a sketch on a wall, a wall or flat surface illuminated by the projector itself.

Yes .... It seems we need to know that the system is in use touch screen system, projector, pens, and a special board. Some of these devices is a combination of hardware and software combinations. Luidia output device company is very simple and it is said that the price is also affordable. With a spend of 8.2 million dollars, we can bring home this new technology. Therefore, those of us who are interested in this new technology does not have to feel worried about the price offered by the company. Why? The reason is because the price offered by the company, we are able to use technology as a connoisseur and has a range of facilities with an advanced degree and exceptionally useful. So, we will not feel the loss for taking them.

Well, another advantage possessed by eBeam Edge is very easy to use and does not require a long time to install. This gadget works with standard projectors connected to the Windows or Macintosh computers. Then, the navigation data from this system was also very helpful in fact we are as teachers, learners, and students in control of everything that is contained in the computers of the board which is used to indicate a flat surface on the computer display.

We need to do is to touch screen wall or flat surface in front of the projector with a special pen from the eBeam, and as a result we can use the screen as a touch screen display. We can click on the screen without having to stare at the data on the computer. The whole process took less than five minutes. Of course, it is our job easier to do a presentation or other things that are useful for our tasks.

In addition, the eBeam Edge can make us more skillful in turn an important concept in a presentation. As we know that not all display the presentation look attractive and fun while learning takes place. As already said at the beginning of the paragraph that with the help of these gadgets, we can combine text, graphics, photos and animations. Presentations will be interesting because we find an interesting display of course will make all who see being curious to stay abreast of learning materials.

On the adjacent side, we were able to compare data from different sources and can include all kinds of subjects. Easy for us to get a variety of information in one view.

For Indonesia itself, perhaps no accurate data on its use as eBeam Edge is itself a product overseas. Nonetheless, gebrakkan new field of information and communication technology is extremely helps us to attract the attention of the audience with material that we feature. So, of course, what we show will be valuable and useful for everyone. Of course, with the appearance of an attractive and interactive for our presentation. (Sintia Astarina - 11,140,110,048)

eBeam Edge Interactive Board, Interactive Presentation Solutions on Your Wall

Written by Sintia Astarina

A technology that can provide a satisfying or meeting the needs of its users is a technology that can provide everything needed to support their daily needs. Typically, from a technology, sued several properties that can be useful for daily life. What are they? First, flexible, effective, attractive and not boring, it has to benefit, and innovative.

As we know that the latest technology based innovations from creative and human curiosity always appear constantly. Human beings sometimes are at saturation point where they always insist that there is a new technology and a broad distribution, and utilization extraordinary. Humans have always tried to hit the world with their thoughts and continue to innovate. Well, one of the latest innovations in the world that may not have been too little known by the general public which will be discussed in the paper this time related to the whiteboard, presentation, and education.

If we look carefully, whiteboard in Indonesia today is mostly made from a black colored board or often called the blackboard. Usually we write apda blackboard with chalk. There is also a white board or what we often call the whiteboard. Chalkboard This type is more modern somewhat due to write, we use markers. Sometimes, there are disadvantages arising from the two types of such board. Whether it could be due to dusty chalk powder, skin allergies, can damage the lungs because of the smell of the ink, and the hands and clothing can become dirty because of the chalk or markers. This is the picture in the first.

On another occasion, perhaps, no we can avoid, there are many moments where we feel tired and bored of the less interactive meeting where we wrote on the board the meeting. When we ran out of space or a place to write, we have to remove previous posts and other writing texts. Then, if we want to compare with the results of the previous meeting, it was difficult and less flexible.

Scoop, Video Applications with Heat Body Sensor

Written by Serenata Leony Rosalia Marie Jose

Seeing  development of communication technology that uses video moment, it appears the development and innovation more apparent to communicate over long distances is possible. The use of communication via skype for example, a long-distance communication is effective because, although separated distance, but you can still see the face of each speaker. So, we can have a chat while looking at each other's faces on the screen even though sometimes there is noise going on. Actually, without having to use any skype communication distance can still be done as via BBM, SMS, facebook, twitter, or e-mail. But it seems people are never satisfied and create a new application, namely Skype. The development of applications such as Skype must continue to have long-distance communication innovations that increasingly feels real.

The owners of long distance relationships have traditionally relied on communication through BBM, SMS, facebook, twitter, or other applications. However, there is also a selalui rely video applications such as skype. Sometimes, the owners of this long-distance relationship was not so satisfied with the Skype application can only communicate while showing video of each speaker. Therefore, do more innovation to provide good service and satisfying for communicators distance. Moreover, in this era of technological age of the 21st century, the distance is no longer an issue.

Innovation will be seen from the development of applications where skype is where when people talk to a long distance over the internet, we can see where the person is in front of us directly. Thus, the overall display is the communicator alone entity. Innovation relies on body heat sensors so it can display the projector from the communicator himself to his interlocutor. For his interlocutor, he should have the same application innovation, reflecting the projector from the communicator said. If you already have a projector tool for this application, then the long-distance communication that feels very real anything can happen. Basically, what we see in front of us it is the image that is reflected from the body heat sensor had a projector that has been provided and only purchased only by user. When users choose to delay buying a projector, the remote communication that felt real would not be implemented. So, in essence, the innovation of this application will give an edge to the user to look at the body as a whole are talking in front of him, as if they were talking in the same room.

This innovation will make it easier and make the people who have a long-distance relationship was not having problems longer distance. Just enough to connect to the internet, download the latest application and order tool shadow projector to the other person, then it can be used. Excess applications compared with other applications is only this application can provide services remotely with a video that displays the body of the other person directly, making us feel at the same place and time. In addition, this application also makes us as if speaking directly to the other person. The drawback of this application is the noise that occurs causes the image produced from the projector can sometimes be stilted. However, when supported with a maximum speed of internet, it is guaranteed video services shadow of projectors will be smooth like a person talking. In addition, this application is the lack of application users have to pay to buy a projector that can produce a shadow of his interlocutor.Plans for the next innovation for innovation is when the sales figures have reached 2500 projector, it will be assembled with the laptop and the computer itself Scoop brand, same as the name of the application. In laptop or computer has no application Scoopnya and behind the scenes are there own projector to display the shadow speaker. So, people who will one day buy a laptop or computer brands Scoop not have to buy another projector to produce a shadow of its application. In addition, the laptop or computer chip implanted Scoop myself have wifi at maximum speed. Wifi chip can be used at any time and do not need to find a hot spot to get a signal. So, as if already embedded modem for internet on a laptop or computer brand's Scoop. Wifi chip is expected to provide good quality image projector for application users Scoop.

About Facebook : Thinking Framework, Concepts, and Theoretical Overview

The theory is used and needed to explain a thing. To explain how the existence of Facebook and   describing the future  with the many social networking sites that have sprung up and will continue to emerge.
Communication technologies are usually described as " perspective on communication technology". One part of the umbrella perspective on communication technology is Motivating factor. This factor states that we do not use a technology just because the technology exists. But we will see the advantage of using these technologies (Grant & Meadows, 2010).
In explain how to existence of Facebook in the future be used diffusion of innovation theory. This theory is built by Evvet Rogers. This theory tries to explain how an innovation is communicated from time to time through a variety of media channels or to members or individuals in a social system  (Grant & Meadows, 2010). There are four aspects of this approach, namely innovation, media (channel) communication, time, and social system   (Rogers, 2005)
The first is the existence of an innovation. Almost all new ideas are analyzed as a technology  (Rogers, 2005). In the case of communication technology, communication technology innovations in recent As with anything new. Rogers defines the characteristics of innovation, namely relative advantage, compatibility, complexity, and can be researched.
So if someone decides to use you new social networking site such as Twitter or Google Plus and leave the social networking site Facebook earlier that he would observe characteristics such as pros what is gained when using Twitter or Google Plus comparison with Facebook. When he discovered that Twitter has many more advantages than Facebook then it will switch to the new social site. However, if we feel Facebook still has many advantages over other social networking sites are emerging, so that Facebook will remain in use.
Are Twitter and other social networking sites have a match with Indonesia or how complex societies according to Twitter users are also factors that will make the people of Indonesia will remain using Facebook or to leave Facebook and switch to another social median. When he found out that other social networking sites more simpler than Facebook then it will switch to the new social site. However, if we feel Facebook still simpler than other social networking sites are emerging, so that Facebook will remain in use.
In addition, the people of Indonesia will also look at whether the people who previously had been make use of Twitter has had a positive evaluation of the social networking site than Facebook..(MARNIDA J  S )

Freedom of Speech in Cyberspace

In today's era of information disclosure, in fact all the people easily get information. With the internet, things can get. Whether it's music, pictures and video. Not only facilitate the information, but with the internet these days, the world seems to have become a village or called global village. (McLuhan and Quentin, 1997). Indeed, the era is completely connected to the Internet, will allow us to interact with one another. And with a social media such as social networking sites, we can interact with friends - our friends, in its development, a social networking site owned by us is now not only serves as for the interaction alone but also as a form of identity that is new to us.
On the social networking site, it is also a social networking site helps people to present one's self-identity as a signal to help navigate someone on a social media (Boyd, 2004), meaning that the presence of an identity in social networking sites, they it's easier to interact on them when in the identities are common.
A social networking site also offers entertainment to the users, such as Facebook, today many who use facebook just to play the game alone, while the "fact" of the networking sites are ignored. Function - This new function is due to media convergence happens, the term convergence is often used in the development of information and communication technologies, and the integration of text, video, images and sound  (Briggs & Burke, 2000)
But beyond that, social media offered the freedom of speech in cyberspace, they are free to express opinions, opinions, or criticize something. However, with all the chatter on twitter and on facebook, they chatter becomes an identity which they form in cyberspace. Those who like to criticize something and spread of social media will be considered as a critical, or people who like to complain will then share their activities on a variety of social media, we will assumed as a complainer.

Background of User Facebook Growth in Indonesia

At the beginning of the entry, Facebook users in Indonesia is still relatively small when compared to users in the United States. At the time, Facebook is more widely used by people who are in the upper middle class.
At the beginning of the entry of Facebook, there are other social networking sites are quite popular in Indonesia. The social site is Friendster. Although at that Friendster is a popular social networking site and most widely used, but its popularity was not thorough to all segments of society.
There is a generation of Facebook users are known as Millennialism,digital generation of the most widely used Facebook when compared with other generations (Waters & Ackerman, 2011).
The number of Facebook users are increasingly changing from year to year. In July 2008, in Indonesia, it was noted that there were as many as 209 760 Facebook users. Within one year later, in July 2009, the number of Facebook users increased to 6496960  (Marketing Magazine: Marketing Website, 2011). In July 2009, Indonesia has been named as the country with the world's highest growth of Facebook. December 2009, the growth of Facebook is estimated around 1,400 percent to 1,500 percent (Marketing Magazine: Marketing Website, 2011). Not stopping there, the current July 1, 2010 ago, Indonesian Facebook users return to the remarkable increase with the number 25,912,960 or an increase of 12253.6% for 24 months (News: Unloading Online, 2011) . Not to stop, statistics show an increase to reach 35,174,940 users in the first week of March 2011. In April 2012, record that Facebook users in Indonesia rose again to reach as many as 42,586,260  (Socialbakers, 2012).
Height of Facebook users in Indonesia are caused by various factors. But in general, Facebook is widely used by the people of Indonesia because of the capability of Facebook itself can support the needs of Indonesia and the influence of socio-cultural Indonesia itself.
For the people of Indonesia, Facebook is one of the necessary tools for communication technology   owned by Facebook. Facebook is one of the networking sites (networks) social. Networks (networks) Berbari can connect with each other  (Pool, 1984). According to Boyd and Ellison (2008), its own social networking site is an online service which allows users to create individual profiles, connect with other users and navigating through this network of contact  (Zuniga & Jung, 2012). It is a social networking site intended to present themselves and to build and maintain relationships with friends and acquaintances (Utz, 2010). Its use could be to establish relationships with old friends or to make new friends   (Atheunis & Schouten, 2011).
Facebook is a communication technology that can connect a variety of people to communicate. We can see the messages posted our friend and we can see who your friends list from our friends (Farrow & Yuan, 2011). Indonesian society itself has a tendency to stick   communication links with many people.  Facebook capabilities that make the Indonesian people to stay connected with the people who have to establish communication with to high value for the people of Indonesia. With the Facebook shapes people's need to maintain a relationship that is usually transformed from visiting each of the home, greeting each of call to greet each other, commenting, and pray for one another in real time. With Facebook which is a social network that uses technology the Internet network, as if we can talk with our friends via PC, mobile phone without the cost of long distance phone  (Mirabito, 2004). Indeed, the new communications technologies create virtual world and eliminate the physical presence of technology  (Krug, 2005). Cost of sending messages is dramatically reduced due to the new communications media, one of which is Facebook  (Dominick, 2009). Facebook is a social network is a social networking are rapidly changing the way people interact-both in the personal and professional    (Safko, 2010). Facebook allows people to live and fill their needs become more efficient in relationships and communication with others. Therefore, the Indonesian people are using Facebook to keep good relationships with people who never communicated with him and build new relationships with new people..(Author : MARNIDA JS)

Solutions for Overcoming Security and Privacy Issues in E-Commerce

"The main reason underlying the high risk of security in e-commerce transactions are found many weaknesses in the laws, regulations, and the system itself as well as E-Commerce and Internet technologies (Yazdanifard, Edres, & Seyedi, 2011)".It is possible to improve and enhance security measures at this time by way of customer satisfaction and trust. In many organizations, security is an integral part of the security infrastructure. E-Commerce have to adjust the level of security according to the needs and demands of customers. (Yazdanifard, Edres, & Seyedi, 2011)
Security on the Internet is very important to promote E-Commerce. Companies that store sensitive information on their websites to ensure that they have adequate security measures to maintain their sites from intrusion. A company could face internal and external security threats. From the external aspect, the company could face problems from hackers, viruses, and Trojan horses. Internally, the company must ensure the security of the technical staff and employees.
Software developers need to develop software to improve security such as encryption, digital signatures, biometrics, virus protection, introduced the seal is also recommended (Yazdanifard, Edres, & Seyedi, 2011). In addition to security measures were adequate, appropriate legal documentation will also be required. And finally, educating customers about the importance of security issues and how to protect their computers is also an essential part of the security implementation. Therefore, an increase in the security aspects of E-Commerce is not only focused on the company, but also on customer needs and the software development process. Security must also be achieved collectively and not individualistic in order to improve the perception of security systems online.
Practical solution may also include the development of a more customer-oriented privacy practices. One is by way of introducing a system of P3P to the site that shows customers how the site collects, handles and uses personal information (Yin, Li, & Sun, 2007). A recent study showed that when dealing with an online service, ease of use and the credibility of the service supply companies have a positive influence privacy risk (Featherman, Miyazaki, & Sprott, 2010). Regardless of the method used, the company must take action or to improve the quality and number of steps given in order to provide security and reduce the risk of service to customers.
Collective effort between countries is needed to resolve the issues of privacy and security in the world of E-Commerce, considering the issues and the problems this is an issue that has been globalized. Therefore, it is now widely between countries forums or organizations who deliberately set up to formulate policies and laws regarding transactions in the cyber world. One of the forum which will have impact on the world of E-Commerce Indonesia is APCF (Asia-Pacific Cyberlaws Forum) is committed to developing policies cyberlaws robust, comprehensive, and logical for countries in the Asia Pacific region (Sembok, 2003) .

The Facebook Existence of Subjective Judgments

Information from an innovation is communicated through a variety of different channels through both mass media and interpersonal media  (Grant & Meadows, 2010). The media is very good to increase awareness of the technology. For example, a newspaper and television communicated that Twitter is widely used and more people then we will realize how Twitter was. Interpersonal media is also important. For example, someone will ask a friend who has been using Twitter accounts to determine whether communications technology has many uses. Or also asked the others why he loves Twitter. This will be used as a reference by the public to vote using Facebook or Twitter.
Another theory is used to see how the existence of Facebook in the future is social information theory. This theory begins with the rational choice model, which assumes that people adapt a decision or other evaluation of a technology based on the objective characteristics of the technology.
This theory argues that although the use standard objective in choosing communication media to be used, their use also is also determined by subjective factors such as the attitude of the people in the neighborhood about a technology or by observing the experiences of others toward such technologies. For example, according to Fulk (1987) that more few people who use the technology then getting a few people trying to use it to socialize.
Jukia new social networking site known by many people, then the site is likely to be used. Meanwhile, if a social networking site is not much to make use, users will rarely use the social networking site to socializing. Facebook is so, while there are many who use the Facebook, then his popularity will survive because Facebook be used mainly by the high frequency  to connect with other people. However, if there are many who left Facebook, the frequency of use of Facebook would be reduced as well.
In addition, although we have had a very objective consideration to the choice between the two technologies, but consideration will also affect our opinion. For example, when we consider that Facebook is much more efficient, attractive, sophisticated, but it turns out my friends work in our environment, friends in the college, and the community we live in the more pleasure from a new social networking site, then we tend to will select the social networking site. But if instead people have a positive response to Facebook, so we are going to use Facebook.
The existence of subjective judgments by seeing how other people's opinions to a technology , such as Facebook are very well will make us want to use such technology. Positive response to our environment such people say that people who make use of networking site Twitter was the up-to-date. While negative responses such as the group believes that people who are using Facebook are people who are out of date, do not understand the technology, and others. This will affect our choices. The argument from others that people who make use of networking site Twitter was the up-to-date will make us were also used. As for the opinion of others that people still use Facebook is outdated people, do not understand the technology, and technology literacy will make us stop using Facebook even though we feel that Facebook is actually much more to help us..(Author : MARNIDA J S )

Analysis of Security and Privacy Aspects of E-Commerce in Indonesia

Issues of privacy and security in the world of E-Commerce is a global issue, so that developing countries such as Indonesia also felt the impact. Although the issue of privacy and security issues that are collectively faced by many countries, but each country has its own regulatory mechanisms and in the face of these two serious issues. What about Indonesia?
Indonesia has a base of 55 million Internet users, and 57 percent of that figure is an active user of online shopping. But unfortunately, until now there is no regulation that specifically and specific set of security and privacy issues in conducting online transactions. One of the factors that impede the making of law E-Commerce in Indonesia, more specialized business model is the presence of many E-Commerce in Indonesia. (Purwanti & Wahono, 2012) All these business models have different needs that must be facilitated by different regulations. Indonesia has four E-Commerce business models are most commonly used today. The four models are:
· Marketplace
Examples of E-Commerce sites that use business models are Multiply.com Marketplace, Tokopedia.com and Plasa.com
· Online Retail
Examples of online retail company is the famous Indonesia Gramedia.com and Bhinneka.com
· Daily Deals
Examples of E-Commerce sites that use business model is DealGoing.com Daily Deals
· Classified Ads
Examples of E-Commerce sites that use business model is Kaskus.us Classified Ads, Tokobagus.com and Berniaga.com
During this time in Indonesia, the regulations governing the transactions are done online in the E-Commerce is the Law of Information and Electronic Information or UU ITE. Several articles in the ITE Law which regulates the activities of E-Commerce in Indonesia, among others, is Article 9 which regulates product offerings through the electronic system, Article 10 of the Agency's role in the organization of Reliability Certification Electronic Transactions, as well as Article 17 to Article 22 which regulates the process of electronic transactions more generally. While the issues of privacy and security of electronic transactions in the system are briefly discussed in chapters 30 and 31.
To prevent the development of privacy and security issues in the world of E-Commerce, Indonesia desperately need regulations that specifically regulates the legality of electronic business contracts, setting up cyber crime and other regulations. More specialized regulation really needed to stem the ethical issues and regulations in the world of E-Commerce Indonesia, although little has been mentioned in many UU ITE. Regulations will be determined on E-Commerce also must be able to overcome the problems in the world of E-Commerce, both substantive and procedural. Poverty issues of privacy and security in E-Commerce in Indonesia alone should receive more attention. According to a survey by AC Nielsen in 2011, Indonesia ranks sixth in the world and fourth in Asia in terms of crime on the Internet, with a credit card abuse others in the internet business as a contributor. (Kompas Cyber ​​Media, 2002). More specialized regulations needed to provide legal certainty and laid the legal foundation for the people of Indonesia before making various transactions online. With the presence of security to the public in conducting online transactions, undoubtedly will increase the confidence of users and the implementation of E-Commerce systems in Indonesia can be organized and ethical.

Twitter and Google Plus vs Facebook

The use of mobile phones in Indonesia is also one of the factors why Facebook users very high level  . The phone is initially very simple now been turned into a tool possesses a versatile and complex-can be connected to the internet (Sawyer & Williams, 2001). A hyperlink to the mobile internet is one of the world's Internet has spread  (Wei, 2012). Mobile phone technology allows us to access information in a new and fun . Level of use of mobile phones in Indonesia itself is quite high . Most cell phones issued to include applications to access Facebook. Mobile phones and Facebook as if it can not be separated. The number of Facebook users through mobile phones reached 350 million (Techno, 2012). Therefore, although many Indonesian people who do not have internet connection at home, but the phone has applications to assess Facebook, many Indonesian people are accessing Facebook with very active.
Another factor why Facebook is widely used in Indonesia is the existence of social influences that encourage   Indonesian people  chose to use Facebook. There are subjective factors when we choose to use communications technology (Grant & Meadows, 2010) In the development of Facebook in Indonesia, many people began to use the Facebook. Then comes the notion that if someone does not have a Facebook account, then that person is considered old-fashioned, up-to-date, and failed technology. There is a friend who uses Facebook, make the Indonesian people were using Facebook as well. Previously it was thought even, people using Friendster was outdated when Facebook started to enter Indonesia. Not wanting to be considered obsolete, many Friendster users who do not send a message through Friendster anymore, but switched to Facebook. Other people who initially do not use any social networking Facebook then use it because they do not want to be considered obsolete.
In the beginning, Facebook users call as technology literate person. In addition, Facebook users also represent As with people who are in the middle class katas, the smart technology and smart people. Existing symbols with Facebook use lure many people to participate as a user of Facebook
After Facebook comes in several years in Indonesia. Networking sites and other social networking sites appeared  (Speedy, 2012). Social networking site is Twitter. Additionally, Google Plus emerges. Indonesian society began to use both social networking sites. Presence Twitter attract attention  Indonesia people to actively use them. And in recent years, the number of Twitter users also increasing. Indonesian public attention that was once focused on a single social media, namely Facebook, but now use two or more social networking sites.
Other social networking sites were expected to appear to be trying to compete with Facebook .The presence of many social networks such as Twitter and Google Plus makes Facebook is not the only social networking site that can be selected for active use. A growing number of social networking sites are present, the more the choice of the people of Indonesia to choose which social networking sites will be actively used.
Of course this will affect the existence of the Facebook one day in the future. In the future one day, Facebook has been a possibility remains that the social networking site favored by the people of Indonesia or a social networking site that is no longer popular bleak experienced by the social networking site earlier, Friendster. From the beginning of the entry of Facebook until now, there are many innovations made by Facebook..(Author : MARNIDA JS)

Discussion of Development of Ambient Journalism and Communications Technology

Gutenberg era is over. Now the news is not only accessible through announcements, letters, posters, and newspaper all of which are real tangible physical. No information was also obtained from the conversation mouth. Times have changed, digital communication technologies evolve and become a powerful means of communication with the real-time character. Digital communications, especially those connected to the Internet, also evolved from the e-mails, websites, blogs, to social networking sites.
The development of communication technology has brought has brought a number of changes in the life of the world community. With the rapid development of software, the interaction between humans and technology objects are also getting easier. Advanced information technology has managed to combine the properties of conventional communication technologies is massive with computer technology that is interactive. This phenomenon is commonly referred to as convergence, the merging of traditional telecommunications with the internet media as well. Convergence is the mixing of different types of media, telecommunications and computer industries, and the incorporation of various forms of media products are in digital form (Burnett & Marshall, 2003).
Many advantages are obtained by using communication technologies. Technology makes communication faster and easier, technology makes people more productive and efficient, and help enhance the value of communication technologies (Gehris & Szul, 2002). This facilitates the exchange of information digitization of text, audio, visual, and motion because it was the lack of standardization of forms (Straubhaar & LaRose, 2004).
Social networking site to be one of great potential for the spread of the news with superior characteristics in terms of sharing stories, too crowded population of social networking site users. From the user's Facebook alone, there are 500 million active Facebook users worldwide. This means that 1 out of 13 people are active users of Facebook. When used as a state, with a population of 500 million, Facebook would be the third largest country in the world. The most statistically significant for journalism is 48% of young Americans say that they know the news via Facebook. Not to mention, there are 100 million active Twitter users in the world. Studies conducted Java et al (2007) states that there are four reasons why people use Twitter: daily chatter, conversations, sharing information, and news reporting. There are two of the four reasons that are relevant to the world of journalism, which is sharing information and reporting news, and the remaining two also has the potential to be relevant to journalism.
In accessing the output of journalism, now the audience is no longer fixated on the choice of the form of the conventional mass media such as television and print media. The development of communication technologies encourages the creation of new ways to deliver the news. This is where software plays.
Media organizations are now more creative in finding new ways of delivering news to the public. Before the rampant online news, the audience was presented with a mobile service journalism where news media organizations sent via text message on your mobile phone. But of course people must first register themselves first in order to enjoy this service.
With the rise of the internet and the more people have access to the Internet triggers online journalism, journalism that is delivered through the online medium. Examples of online journalism itself is kompas.com and detik.com. The interesting thing is the fact that the actual mass media organizations engaged in online journalism actually comes from conventional media, especially the print media.
Online journalism is then developed into ambient journalism, in which the distribution of news is not only done with the display on the website, but also through a variety of media, especially social networking sites like Twitter and Facebook. In ambient journalism, media organizations as much as possible to make the audience have access to information from a variety of things around.
The emergence of journalism in a variety of output is somewhat affect the print media world itself, especially in terms of circulation sales. Technological advances in the field of communication and information, making the rapidly growing online media and as capable of replacing the function of print media. In the United States, which have first taste of journalism online, a decline in print circulation. Within six months, the months of April-September 2009, the national circulation of print media in the U.S. fell to 10.6% (Bugis Post, 2012).
Furthermore, the circulation of the print media in the U.S. is getting down. According to data from the Audit Bureau of Circulation ABC in 2010, circulation of print media in the U.S. has decreased significantly. USA Today circulation fell 13.58% to 1.83 million copies per day, The Los Angeles Times down 14.74% (616 606 copies per day), Washington Post fell 13.06% (578 482 copies per day), and The New York Times fell 8.47% (951 063 copies per day) (Hall Press, 2011). In Indonesia alone, the circulation of the print media has fallen. In the pre-reform era, the circulation of the print media in Indonesia in total is 17.7 million copies. However, over the years, that number shrunk up to 14 million copies alone.
It is clear that more people are now choosing to access information through new media over the instant and practical. This is a dilemma for the print media organizations. Decline in circulation would be a scourge for them because circulation is an indicator used by advertisers in deciding whether the company will advertise it or not. It is inevitable that the influx of corporate advertisers into the coffers of the major currency for print media.
In addition, the development of online media also create online media advertising revenue rose sharply to 400%. This makes the online media flourished. This development, in my opinion, to 'kill' the print media industry in the period of approximately 30 years.

Gstar 198 Mobile Phone

  Design
Incursions into the local mobile phone market is still quite intense. On average, still offers amenities not much different. However, there are some of them with the concept of a 'quirky'. Call it GSTAR Q981.
In the form's typical local phone, equipped with a wide screen with full QWERTY keypad. But, make no mistake tablets, mobile is in fact present facility "Dual Rumble". Just look at the ability to dual on GSM. Although identical to most Chinese mobile phone, but still pretty trendy.

In this phone, with a candy bar design classic the proportion between the screen and the keypad area is dominated by the screen. Thus resulting in a finished size of the keypad is very small to reduce the typing comfort. Fortunately, the problem in the keypad only on the size of the problem, because the material Gstar 198 still comfortable keypad when pressed. This phone also features shortcut buttons to operate the music features.

Note

For the audio connection, the phone is equipped with 2.5 mm audio jack. Available Mini USB slot that can be used for data connections, as well as charging. Uniquely charging port is also available for Nokia mobile size.

Features
Gstar Jazz 198has a VGA camera  equipped by the usual white balance, effects, and a variety of options to optimize results. The camera can also be used as a video recorder. For you who love fun, Gstar 198 features a voice changer so you can change the tone when calling someone.  This mobile phone  puts the ability to play songs. That is why, the phone is equipped with a number of supporting features, ranging from the shortcut buttons to play, repeat and shuffle selection in track selection modes. Even the phone is equipped with stereo speakers awesome (large) with a radiant sound very loud. Phone labeled 'Jazz' by the vendor also equipped with features FM radio with 9 channels can be stored.

Note
Features like ebuddy and Yahoo messenger is only a shortcut to the web version, not the original application.

Performance
Performance of this phone is quite okay. Jazz is a plus user interface is easy to operate. This mobile phone comes with a Li-ion battery with 800 mAh capacity that can sustain long standby time of 400 hours and talk time of 6.5 hours. .

Technological Determinism

Technological determinism is a theory that the main idea is that the technology is the underlying changes in society. McLuhan believed that human inventions lead to cultural change. Although the focus sebnarnya McLuhan discusses how technology affects communication, but he said that we (humans) create tools, and those tools which will make us (we shape our tools and they in turn shape us) (Griffin, 2003 ). He also argues that the main channel of communication to change our perspective. Medium that dominates at various times also will dominate us (the primary channel of communication changes the way we perceive the world. The dominant medium of any age dominates people) (Griffin, 2003).
In his book War and Peace in the Global Village, McLuhan analogize the relationship between human technology like fish to water, can not be separated:
"Fish can not perceive water Because they can not be removed from it; they have no anti-environment roommates would enable them to perceive the element they live in ... This is the same lack of awareness 'people have in relation to any new environment created by a new technology.' "(McLuhan, 2001)
Fish can not feel (aware) of water because they can not be separated from the water, they do not have the anti-environment that enables them to recognize the environment in which they live ... The unconscious is the same as the 'unconscious people on issues related to the environment created by technology.
There is a division in technological determinism, although the division is not normally used. Technological determinism is divided into two types, namely soft and hard technological determinism technological determinism. This division is based on the spectrum of technological determinism, which is the ability to make changes thanks to technology. On hard technological determinism, technology has intrinsic attribution, penetrated into the human aspect of human life that has autonomy (freedom from technology values) are narrow, while the soft technological determinism humans still have a room free from technological values ​​(Smith & L., 1996).
It has actually been predicted since long ago by Karl Marx. In his book "The Poverty of Philosophy", there is one quote that hit and illustrate how technology equipment affecting the human system:
"The hand-mill gives you society with the feudal lord; the steam-mill society with the industrial capitalist." (Marx, 1971)
Milling manual will shape society with the feudal system; mill steam will form a society with a capitalist system.(Author: Yuliniar Lutfaida)

Development of Communication Technology, Social Networking Sites, and Ambient Journalism

Purpose of the posting in my blog is to explore further the concept of Artificial Intelligence, Human-Computer Interaction, and software along with examples of its application in life, associated with the implications of the existence of the endangered print media due technology. Post determinism is generally aim to explain how changes happens in the world of journalism with the development of software and artificial intelligence. The purpose of this paper is specifically made to explain that print journalism increasingly endangered by the presence and artificial intelligence software that make the news more and more can be enjoyed in real time.

Many cite sources as primary cardiac reporter. Without a complete resource, might be written news journalist no more than mere opinion (HAE, 2000). However, things do not always side with the journalists. There is a time in which the resource is difficult to be found for questioning. Journalists certainly not desperate to find a source of news. If news sources difficult to pursue, journalists should not be too afraid to pursue it. The saying goes, all roads lead to Rome, as well as the pursuit of news sources.
Increasingly sophisticated technology to make the job easier journalists as more and more channels of communication that can be used. In the 2.0 era, the news can not only be obtained through private communication between journalists and sources of information, but it could have just quoted someone who wrote on the social networking site.
Social networking sites, or Social Networking Sites (SNS) is a concept that was disbursed by Danah M. Boyd and Nicole B. Ellison in 2007. SNS according to them are:
web-based services that allow individuals to (1) construct a public or semi-public profile within a bounded system, (2) articulate a list of other users with Whom they share a connection, and (3) view and traverse their list of connections and those made by others within the system. (Boyd & Ellison, 2007)

When the term social networking sites are used, the word "networking" here emphasized as a relationship initiated, often between strangers. Although it is possible to network in the SNS, it is not the main thing is done in the SNS, nor is something that distinguishes between SNS with other types of sites (Boyd & Ellison, 2007).
That makes a unique SNS is not on the user the possibility to get acquainted with other people, but on the ability of the site to show the user's social network (Haythornthwaite, 2005). User it often has a network similar to the network that he has in the offline (real life). SNS is a core feature of a profile page where one can write down the information yourself as if real (Sunden, 2003).
Social networking sites such as Facebook, MySpace, Plurk, and Twitter was used as one tool in the delivery of news by media organizations. With a network acquired through social networking sites, media organizations hope that the news of their public consumption. Media organizations continue to try to reach their audience in various ways, and it sparked a fairly new concept, namely ambient journalism.
Ambient journalism was first coined by Alfred Hermida in his "Twittering The News: The Emergence of Ambient Journalism" in the journal "Journalism Practice" published in July 2010 Routledge. Ambient journalism itself by Hermida is "Broad, asynchronous, lightweight and always-on communication systems [that] are creating new kinds of interactions around the news, and are enabling citizens to maintain a mental model of news and events around them" (Hermida, in Burns, 2010)
Something wide, can be done anytime, lightweight, and always in a communication system that creates news and memungkinkn people to follow events and news around them.
Hermida imagine journalism ambient consciousness as a system of knowledge between individuals who serve as a kind of collective intelligence or cognition distributed within the group level. Meaning, people are assumed to have the knowledge, thanks to a system that allows the public to access information quickly. Ambient journalism associated with the use of digital media such as the internet are quickly accessible. Often, ambient journalism associated with the use of internet media such as social networking sites as a data source for journalists, both real journalists, citizen journalists, even  journalist, although the source is not merely a social networking site.

Printed Media vs Digital Media

There is no denying that the presence of Gutenberg's printing press in 1455 became one of the important milestones in the history of journalism in the world. With the printing press, the world of journalism can not only reach a wider public, but also to encourage innovation in the world of journalism itself.
The presence of the printing press to stimulate the development of forms and types of products of journalism at the time. Products journalism that was just a story in the paper swatch, a tabloid that more neatly, to be paid magazine.
The development of communication technology has brought has brought a number of changes in the life of the world community. The presence of computers and stuff derivatives with software (software) and artificial intelligence (artificial intelligence) in it also brings its own changes to the face of journalism, especially in the distribution of the news itself.
Now people can enjoy the real time news and of course attractive. Young people aged 18 to 29 years or so-called Generation Y (the growth and development in the information age) prefer to rely on the internet to get their news rather than political campaigns networked television news or newspapers (Pew Research Center, 2004).
Today we are bombarded with information through the applications of our smartphones. The existence of this technology shift also affects the transition how to read the product of journalism. With practical news obtained through interaction between humans and computers, will still be able to survive the print media, or just waiting to die?

Computer Network

The computer network is the facility to accommodate the user's computer in order to interact with each other. Through the network, users can exchange files, sharing (sharing resources) of a hardware device, and even control the other computer remotely.
Here are described some tissue samples, as follows:
Internet
Internet is not a network at all, but a large collection of different networks that use certain common protocols and provide certain public services.
ARPANET
ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network) is a network of computers created by ARPA (Advanced Research Project Agency) of the U.S. Department of Defense in 1969. ARPANET functioned as a means of experimentation latest computer network technology of his day, such as packet switching technology and into the beginning of the establishment of the current Internet.
NSFNET
NSFNET is a network of the National Science Foundation Pemebrintah established by the United States in the late 1970s to the field of research and education. NSFNET also precisely what had once been the backbone Internet replaces ARPANET before being replaced by private commercial parties.
Use of the Internet
What exactly does it mean to be on the Internet? Our definition is that the machine is on the Internet if you are running TCP / IP protocol stack, has an IP address, and can send IP packets to all the other machines on the Internet. Ability only to send and receive electronic mail is not enough, because the e-mail address is gatewayed to many networks outside the Internet. However, this problem is somewhat blurred by the fact that millions of personal computers can call your Internet service provider using a modem, given a temporary IP address, and send IP packets to any other Internet host. It makes sense to think of the machine as it is on the internet as long as they are connected to the service provider router. Internet and its predecessors had four main applications:
E-mail. The ability to write, send, and receive electronic mail has been around since the early ARPANET and very popular. E-mail programs are available on almost all types of computers these days.
News. Newsgroups are specialized forums where users with common interests can exchange messages. Thousands of newsgroups exist, devoted to technical and non-technical topics, including computers, science, recreation, and politics. Each newsgroup has its own ethics, style, and customs, and woe betide those breaking them.
Remote login. Using telnet, rlogin, or ssh programs, users anywhere on the Internet can log on to another machine where they have an account.
File transfer. Using an FTP program, users can copy files from one machine to another on the Internet. A large number of articles, databases, and this.

Difference of Computer Network and Distributed Systems

Prior to the popular computer network, computer customers have known distributed systems. There's something quite confusing when it comes to using computer systems and distributed systems (distributed system).The equation is both an accumulation of computer systems which are attached to the transmission medium is comparatively very little different, have to maneuver the file. More specific distinction between Computer Network and Distribution System definition the following:

1. Variations Computer Networking

1. Computer systems linked to an amalgamated composed of multiple work stations or also combined server and client computer systems
2. Some computer systems are linked to share, but every job handled through the computer systems that request and requested info.Server only serve demands based on the set system queue.
3. The standard of information communication is impacted by the transmission medium used. Time of a procedure affected through the hardware specifications of every station that asked for the service. Customers can easily see the continuing process (in comp station or around the server).
4. Approach to communication between computer systems having a model Peer to look or Client Server
5. Each node or workstation (around the peer to look) doesn't need a devoted server computer to deal with all work. Inter nodes can exchange files or assets possessed, as preferred / set permissions that who owns the pc.
6. Each user on each workstation (client) conscious of the procedure that happening as he requested the service or transmit data clearly keserver.User (real) must "login" towards the server, if you wish to utilize assets possessed through the server. Clearly expressed their responsibilities remotely, clearly move the files, but generally handle themselves through the network management.
7. Each user includes a unique ID and password to sign in and employ the assets found in server. Generally user can't make use of the same ID to login towards the server, however the policy webmaster can alter this rule to ensure that an ID may be used together limited.
8. The existence of numerous computer systems around the network to become transparent area, to ensure that physically cannot be seen by other customers within the network.
9. Server hardware specs ought to be much better than hardware client.
10. It's a system that mixes the performance of products and programs in the physical layer as much as the applying layer.

2. Variations Distribution Network

1. Computer systems connected includes the host (primary computer) and devices (computer systems attached to the host computer).
2. Some host computer systems connected to be able to focus on a sizable or multiple jobs together. Host serve multiple devices and process according to input in the devices.
3. Quality of information communication is impacted by the machine. The size of the procedure is dependent around the Operating-system which will determine which computer processors for use. Customers can't be aware of process that's going ahead within the host.
4. Approach to communication between computer systems centralized (centralized around the primary computer / host)
5. Each terminal needs a host (primary computer) to have the ability to positively perform work and contact the terminal lain.Antar terminal can't share files or assets with one another with no intervention from the host (host supervisor).
6. Each user in every terminal cannot be conscious of the procedure that happened around the system user need not clearly work, because all of the processes and management transported / handled instantly through the system with no understanding from the user. Although generally the consumer each and every terminal ought to be drenched directly into have the ability to make use of the resource host.
7. ach user also offers an ID and password to login towards the host and employ the resource used. Generally multiple devices may use exactly the same ID to log in to the host comp, but Admin / Supervisor to alter the machine only enables one ID for every terminal
8. The existence of a terminal or perhaps a host computer or autonomous, transparent (obvious) towards the user, usually situated within an area locations.
9. Host hardware specs (primary computer) ought to be much better than the terminal
10. Is really a software system produced and done the very best layer of the network system.

Developments in Technology

Developments in technology today, becomes manifest pretty quickly and advanced, one of these is computer systems. Computer systems currently isn't foreign goods more costly and, at the moment just about all fields need a computer like a tool, because the advantages when it comes to speed and precision. For instance, in health, engineering, civil, banking, science, business either by governmental or private. Where now changing computer network technology, where people can communicate utilizing a computer, which isn't only in a single room, but tend to include intercontinental, namely the web. To the computer has joined every aspect of our way of life.

Regarding the the above mentioned, using computer systems within the area of educational administration gave importance enormous, in precision and amount of work handled. Thus, within the presentation from the report and also the information required to obtain accurate and finish rapidly without needing to feel the registration process repeated. Here are a few advantages if administers educational process utilizing a computer like a tool to process:

1. Speed. The pc system can establish information more rapidly compared to manual system, since the computer can perform work on exactly the same high-speed.

2. Volume results. Consequently from the rapid progress, the amount of transactions that may be processed a lot more numerous, and also the amount of results that may be acquired can also be growing.

3. Prevention mistake. Computer precision level, much greater compared to precision of humans. Therefore using the pc will greatly reduce errors. Aside from the computer can also be outfitted with several different ways to avoid mistakes.

4. Automated report preparation. In administration education system using the computer, reviews done instantly. Computer systems could make the entire process of preparation from the data worth of students, teachers, arranging, package and Presence, etc..

5. Printing reviews instantly. The pc system can print a number of reviews which are used within the organization, for example Certificates, Presence, packages etc

Growing Development of Mobile Technology

Welcome to the information age and a high-speed freeway! Mobile Celuller era, when mobile phones become the tools and entertainment devices to its users. Statistical data show no less than 37 million Indonesian people are now using mobile phones as a means of communication. 1/3ny a been using the latest mobile phone that combines photography and videography (data Telkomsel).

Then grew a new community, the users of mobile phones that use other functions, more than just for calling and messaging. Now they become users, lovers and actors making of audio visual impressions using the latest handsets.

Growing development of mobile technology makes each person to express their art audio visual equipment and the exploration of a cheap, lightweight and instant. Each user HP, sudden participate any work on behalf of the art instant. Make a variety of documentation, photographing anything to the tendency for other things that sometimes diverge.

The technology embedded in the phone equipment is actually divided into several levels of data processing with G-Technology password. Among these are:

Zero G: It is the first generation phone technology that uses the base wiring and terminal equipment interconnected. An example of this technology is the telephone cord, PTT, etc..
1G: Is the inception of cellular technology that uses AMPS technology. In Indonesia, known by the code 082. Using radio frequency and signal distortion constraints have caused obstructions such as buildings and concrete buildings.
2G: Is the technology that was adopted since 1997. With the release of the GSM and CDMA standards as a complement AMPS technology. In this technology, it can use standard data transmission via cellular networks based on the text. Then came the WAP technology to support GSM technology to connect to the Internet. This era marked the birth of the SMS technology to boom to this day.
2.5G: GPRS features characterized by birth, a tool that added on handset devices to access the Internet faster. This feature appeared in 2000 and became the belle of the perpetrators confessed Data GPRS-Internet today. The first feature is the development of facilities provided by MMS (Multimedia Messaging Service) and the type of image and video files to earlier generations had sent through this service.
3G is a new technology that can be enjoyed in Indonesia in 2006. Used for high-speed data traffic with a fairly large number of kilobytes as VIDEO, Music, Email. Images and multimedia files. 3G a new phenomenon, when the facilities Audio Visual (Videography) became a new standard in mobile devices.
3.5 G: Not long after the launch of 3G services in 2007, has developed the concept INDOSAT 3.5G has 9 times the speed of 3G. This technology is able to run in Indonesia and is forecast to reach the pinnacle of success, because the easy access to the virtual world and the Internet via mobile phones and non-cable networks.