Fiber Optic cable is made of glass or glass fiber. This cable diameter of approximately 120 micrometer. Compared to other cable types (twisted pair, coaxial) that uses electronic signals, fiber optic work with pulse shape signal (pulse light) for voice and data communications with long distances to reach more than 50 miles without requiring further assistance devices, such as repeaters ( signal amplifier). Currently, more widely used fiber optic backbone in the mounting channel on land and under the sea. Fiber optic cables use a transmitter, the device as the place to start receiving information data transmitted to fiber optic. Data information in the form of electronic pulses that have been received by the transmitter, then processed and translated into the same information, but in the form of light pulses. Transmitter usually use Light Emitting Diode (LED) or Injection Laser Diode (ILD) in this translation process. Type of fiber optic cable that can be used consist of three, namely: single mode, multimode and plastic optical fiber, which serves as an indicator light from the end of the cable to the other end of the cable. Then, from the transmitter to the receiver continues, which serves to convert light into electronic pulses and vice versa, in the form of light-emitting diodes or lasers. Single Mode Fiber optic single mode is a single cable with a diameter of 8.3 to 10 micrometers, have one type of transmission that can deliver large-capacity data at high speeds for long distances, and requires a light source with a spectral width smaller. The ability of the cable to deliver the type of single mode transmission is 50 times faster than cable multimode type, because it has a smaller core so as to eliminate any distortion and light pulses overlapping. Multi Mode Fiber optic multimode fiber is made of glass with a larger diameter, ie 50 to 100 micrometers that can deliver large-capacity data at high speed to medium range. If the distance of more than 3000 feet, there will be distortion signal at the receiver side which resulted in the transmission of the data to be inaccurate. Plastic optical fiber Plastic Optical Fiber is the new plastic-based cable which ensures the same level of performance within a short glass fiber with a much cheaper cost. Pictures of Plastic Optical Fiber Some of the advantages of fiber optics, among others:
1. The ability to deliver data with greater capacity within the transmission far enough, a high transmission speed up to gigabits sizes, as well as the probability of data loss is very low.
2. Fiber optic high security, safe from the influence of interference signals, motors, and cables that are in the vicinity, making fiber optic infrastructure more widely used in banks or companies that need a network with a high level of security.
3. Fiber optic is safe to use in flammable environments and heat. In terms of size, fiber optic cables are also much smaller than the copper wires, making more space in the room data center network anywhere. Lack of fiber optic is the price is quite expensive when compared to copper cable technology. This is because fiber optic cables can deliver data with a larger capacity and a further transmission distances than copper that still require additional investment in the form of the amplifier (repeaters). In addition, the high investment costs required for the procurement of human resources are reliable, because of the difficulty of implementation and deployment of fiber optic high enough.
